Presente simple
El primer tiempo verbal que se enseña en ingles. Sus usos mas frecuentes son:
1_describir un estado que existe en el tiempo presente
I want a coke
yo quiero una coca
2_rutinas
he goes to school everyday
el va a la escuela todos los dias
3_describe una accion que esta pasando en el momento
here comes your mother
aqui viene tu madre
Afirmative:
I write on this blog everyweek
yo escribo en este blog todas las semanas
I = yo (primera persona)
you = tu, ustedes (segunda persona, sing y plur.)
we = nosotros (primera persona plural)
they = ellos (tercera persona, plural)
he = el (tercera persona, sing.)
she = ella (tercera persona, sing.)
it = eso/esa (referencia a animales y cosas)
La famosa "s" del presente simple aparece en la tercera persona singular unicamente.
he writes
she writes
it walks (puse "walk" por que todavia no conozco un perro que escriba, pero bue...)
Eso seria afirmativo. Palabras como everyday, seldom, sometimes, usually, always, etc. son muy usadas en este tiempo, por que son todos adverbios de frecuencia y como dijimos que se usa mucho para describir rutinas entonces....bue..se usan.
interrogative
empezemos con wh-questions. Estas comienzan con una wh-word que se refiere al elemento desconocido. Salvo excepciones, en las preguntas hay inversion de sujeto y operador.
what is your name? el "what" es lo que no sabemos, el nombre. (el verbo "is" pasa adelante del sujeto "name")
my name is ........ (la respuesta, una oracion afirmativa, vuelve a tener el sujeto "name" adelante del verbo "is" )
*en el caso anterior el verbo principal es el "to be", pero cuando preguntamos con otro verbo necesitamos un amiguito, el auxiliar "do" (vean el post de primary verbs).
where do you live?
adonde vivis?
para hablar con mas propiedad, lo que se pasa adelante del sujeto cuando invertimos se llama operador, en el primer ejemplo era el verbo "to be" y en este caso el auxiliar "do" funciona como operador. Por ahora lo unico que vamos a decir es que el operador es el verbo que se usa para negar y para formar preguntas. Es decir, para negar, le mandamos el "not" al operador y para preguntar, el operador pasa adelante del sujeto.
Lo mas importante ahora es recordar la famosa "s", adonde va la "s" ...se la mandamos al auxiliar. Por que iba la "s". EN PRESENTE SIMPLE, LA TERCERA PERSONA SINGULAR SUMA UNA "S" AL VERBO o al AUXILIAR. por que?...no tengo idea. pero va.
where does she live?
she lives in rio cuarto
no, she does not live in rio cuarto (la negacion)
*como vemos, la "s" siempre esta presente, en el verbo o en el auxiliar. NO EN LOS DOS AL MISMO TIEMPO.
bue...despues sigo
lie and lay
lie: /lai/
*verb (lies; lying; lay/lei/; lain/lein/)
1_(of a person or an animal) to be or put yourself in a flat or horizontal position so that you are not standing or sitting
to lie on your back
the cat was lying by the fire
2_(of things) to be or remain in a flat position on a surface
clothes were lying all over the floor
3_to be, remain, or be kept in a particular state
the machines have lain idle since the factory closed
4_(of a town, natural features, etc) to be located in a particular place
the town lies on the coast
lie:/lai/
*verb (lies; lying; lied; lied)
to say or write something that you know is not true
you could see from his face that he was lying
don`t lie to me
lay: /lei/
*verb (laid; laid /leid/)
put down; spread
1_to put sb/sth in a particular position, especially when it is done gently or carefully
she laid the baby down gently on the bed
he laid a hand on my arm
2_if a bird, an incect or a fich, etc. lays eggs, it produces them from its body
3_to lay the table: to arrange knives, forks, plates, etc. on a table ready for a meal.
Nota: Estos tres verbos se confunden usualmente, especialmente lie (acostarse) y lay (poner o colocar). Me parece que la diferencia fundamental es:
lie /lay/ (acostarse) es intransitivo -you lie-
lay /lei/ (poner, colocar) es transitivo -you lay something-
*lie (acostarse) es irregular y se pronuncia /lai/
pt lay se pronuncia /lei/
pp lain se pronuncia /lein/
*lay (poner, colocar) es irregular y se pronuncia /lei/
pt laid
pp laid ambos se pronuncian /leid/
*lie (mentir) se pronuncia /lai/ y es regular
pt lied
pp lied
Hay mas signficados de estos verbos pero el objeto de este post es dejar clara la diferencia entre los tres.
*verb (lies; lying; lay/lei/; lain/lein/)
1_(of a person or an animal) to be or put yourself in a flat or horizontal position so that you are not standing or sitting
to lie on your back
the cat was lying by the fire
2_(of things) to be or remain in a flat position on a surface
clothes were lying all over the floor
3_to be, remain, or be kept in a particular state
the machines have lain idle since the factory closed
4_(of a town, natural features, etc) to be located in a particular place
the town lies on the coast
lie:/lai/
*verb (lies; lying; lied; lied)
to say or write something that you know is not true
you could see from his face that he was lying
don`t lie to me
lay: /lei/
*verb (laid; laid /leid/)
put down; spread
1_to put sb/sth in a particular position, especially when it is done gently or carefully
she laid the baby down gently on the bed
he laid a hand on my arm
2_if a bird, an incect or a fich, etc. lays eggs, it produces them from its body
3_to lay the table: to arrange knives, forks, plates, etc. on a table ready for a meal.
Nota: Estos tres verbos se confunden usualmente, especialmente lie (acostarse) y lay (poner o colocar). Me parece que la diferencia fundamental es:
lie /lay/ (acostarse) es intransitivo -you lie-
lay /lei/ (poner, colocar) es transitivo -you lay something-
*lie (acostarse) es irregular y se pronuncia /lai/
pt lay se pronuncia /lei/
pp lain se pronuncia /lein/
*lay (poner, colocar) es irregular y se pronuncia /lei/
pt laid
pp laid ambos se pronuncian /leid/
*lie (mentir) se pronuncia /lai/ y es regular
pt lied
pp lied
Hay mas signficados de estos verbos pero el objeto de este post es dejar clara la diferencia entre los tres.
ways of laughing
chortle: to laugh loudly with pleasure or because you are amused
Gill chortle with delight
reírse alegremente
chukle: to laugh quietly
giggle: to laugh in a silly way because you are amused embarrassed or nervous. If someone giggles, they laugh in a childlike way, because they are amused, nervous, or embarrassed.
reírse tontamente
reírse con una risilla sofocada
grin: to smile widely
He was grining from ear to ear
sonreír
guffaw: to laugh noisily or loudly.
They all guffawed at his jokes
reírse a carcajadas
snigger: to laugh in a quiet unpleasant way, especially at something rude or at somebody`s problems or mistakes.
If someone sniggers, they laugh quietly in a disrespectful way, for example at something rude or unkind.
What are you sniggering at?
reírse con disimulo
titter: to laugh quietly, especially in a nervous embarrassed way.
reírse disimulada y tontamente
Gill chortle with delight
reírse alegremente
chukle: to laugh quietly
giggle: to laugh in a silly way because you are amused embarrassed or nervous. If someone giggles, they laugh in a childlike way, because they are amused, nervous, or embarrassed.
reírse tontamente
reírse con una risilla sofocada
grin: to smile widely
He was grining from ear to ear
sonreír
guffaw: to laugh noisily or loudly.
They all guffawed at his jokes
reírse a carcajadas
snigger: to laugh in a quiet unpleasant way, especially at something rude or at somebody`s problems or mistakes.
If someone sniggers, they laugh quietly in a disrespectful way, for example at something rude or unkind.
What are you sniggering at?
reírse con disimulo
titter: to laugh quietly, especially in a nervous embarrassed way.
reírse disimulada y tontamente
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